| 单词 | background |
| 释义 | 🔑 back·groundBrE /ˈbækɡraʊnd/ NAmE /ˈbækɡraʊnd/ noun ➤ family /education , etc .家庭、教育等🔑 [C ]the details of a person's family , education , experience , etc .出身背景；学历；经历◆ a person's family /social /cultural /educational /class background 一个人的出身/社会/文化/教育/阶级背景◆ The job would suit someone with a business background . 这项工作适合有商务经验的人。➤ past 过去🔑 [C , usually sing. , U ]the circumstances or past events that help explain why sth is how it is ; information about these （事态发展等的）背景◆ the historical background to the war 这场战争的历史背景◆ background information /knowledge 背景资料/知识◆ The elections are taking place against a background of violence . 选举正在暴乱的情况下进行。◆ Can you give me more background on the company ? 你能给我多提供一些这家公司的背景资料吗？➤ of picture /photo 图画；照片🔑 [C , usually sing. ]the part of a picture , photograph or view behind the main objects , people , etc .后景；背景◆ a photograph with trees in the background 以树木为远景的照片 ➡ compare foregroundnoun (1 ) environmentsetting ⬥ surroundings ⬥ backgroundThese are all words for the type of place in which sb/sth exists or is situated.以上各词均指人或事物生存或所处的环境。environmentthe conditions in a place that affect the behaviour and development of sb/sth指影响人或事物的行为或发展的环境：◆An unhappy home environment can affect children's behaviour.不幸的家庭环境可能对孩子的行为造成影响。◆a pleasant working environment令人愉快的工作环境settinga place or situation of a particular type, in which sth happens or exists指事物所处的环境或发生的背景：◆The island provided an idyllic setting for the concert.这岛为音乐会提供了优美的田园布景。surroundingseverything that is around or near sb/sth指周围的环境：◆The huts blend in perfectly with their surroundings.这些棚屋与周围的环境浑然一体，非常和谐。backgroundthe things or area behind or around the main objects or people that are in a place or picture指对主要人物、事物起衬托作用的事物、背景：◆The mountains in the background were capped with snow.远处的山峦白雪覆盖。Patternsin (a/an) environment/setting/surroundings(a/an) new/unfamiliar environment/setting/surroundingssb/sth's immediate environment/surroundings(a) dramatic setting/backgroundFine arts美术Creating art艺术创作make a work of art/a drawing/a sketch/a sculpture/a statue/engravings/etchings/prints创作艺术品；绘画；画素描；创作雕塑/雕像/雕版印刷品/蚀刻画/版画do an oil painting/a self-portrait/a line drawing/a rough sketch画油画/自画像/线条画/草图create a work of art/an artwork/paintings and sculptures创作一件艺术品/绘画和雕塑produce paintings/portraits/oil sketches/his most celebrated work/a series of prints创作绘画/肖像画/油画速写/他最知名的作品/一组版画paint a picture/landscape/portrait/mural/in oils/in watercolours/ (especiallyUS ) in watercolors/on canvas画画/风景画/肖像画/壁画/油画/水彩画；在画布上画draw a picture/a portrait/a cartoon/a sketch/a line/a figure/the human form/in charcoal/in ink画画/肖像/漫画/素描/线条/形体/人形/木炭画/墨水画sketch a preliminary drawing/a figure/a shape勾勒草图/形体/图形carve a figure/an image/a sculpture/an altarpiece/reliefs/a block of wood雕刻形体/形象/雕塑/祭坛雕塑/浮雕/一块木头sculpt a portrait bust/a statue/an abstract figure雕刻半身像/塑像/抽象形体etch a line/a pattern/a design/a name into the glass蚀刻线条/图案/图样/名字在玻璃杯上mix colours/ (especiallyUS ) colors/pigments/paints调色；调颜料add/apply thin/thick layers of paint/colour/ (especiallyUS ) color/pigment加上薄薄/厚厚几层颜料use oil pastels/charcoal/acrylic paint/a can of spray paint使用油画棒/木炭笔/丙烯酸颜料/一罐喷雾颜料work in bronze/ceramics/stone/oils/pastels/watercolour/a wide variety of media用青铜/陶瓷/石头/油彩/蜡笔/水彩/各种各样的材料制作艺术品Describing art描述艺术paint/depict a female figure/a biblical scene/a pastoral landscape/a domestic interior画/描绘女性形体/与《圣经》有关的场景/田园风光/家庭室内场景depict/illustrate a traditional/mythological/historical/religious theme描绘/阐释传统的/神话的/历史的/宗教的主题create an abstract composition/a richly textured surface/a distorted perspective设计抽象的艺术构图/丰富的层次/视觉扭曲效果paint dark/rich/skin/flesh tones用颜料绘成深色/浓重的颜色/肤色/肉色use broad brush strokes/loose brushwork/vibrant colours/a limited palette/simple geometric forms用粗笔线条/散漫的笔法/鲜艳的颜色/有限的色调/简单的几何图形develop/adopt/paint in a stylized manner/an abstract style用非写实手法/抽象方式阐明/采用/描绘Showing and selling art艺术品展示及销售commission an altarpiece/a bronze bust of sb/a portrait/a religious work/an artist to paint sth委托创作一幅祭坛画/一座某人的半身铜像/一幅肖像画/一件宗教艺术品；委托艺术家为某物作画frame a painting/portrait给一幅画/肖像画镶框hang art/a picture/a painting悬挂艺术品/图画/画作display/exhibit modern art/sb's work/a collection/original artwork/drawings/sculptures/a piece陈列/展出现代艺术品/某人的作品/收藏品/艺术真品/图画/雕塑/一件艺术品be displayed/hung in a gallery/museum在美术馆/博物馆展出install/place a sculpture in/at/on sth在某处安放一座雕塑erect/unveil a bronze/marble/life-size statue竖立/揭幕一座铜像/大理石像/与真人一样大的雕像hold/host/mount/open/curate/see an exhibition (especiallyBrE ) / (NAmE usually) an exhibit举办/主持/筹办/举行/组织/观看展览be/go on (BrE ) exhibition/ (NAmE ) exhibit参展feature/promote/showcase a conceptual artist/contemporary works重点介绍/宣传/展示一位概念派艺术家/当代作品collect African art/modern British paintings/Japanese prints收藏非洲艺术品/现代英国绘画/日本版画restore/preserve a fresco/great works of art修复/保护湿壁画/伟大的艺术品photograph picture ⬥ photo ⬥ shot ⬥ snapshot/snap ⬥ printThese are all words for a picture that has been made using a camera.以上各词均指照片、相片。photograph a picture that has been made using a camera指照片、相片：◆a photograph of the house这座房子的照片◆Can I take a photograph?我可以拍个照吗？picture a photograph指照片、相片：◆We had our picture taken in front of the hotel.我们在旅馆前照了相。photo a photograph指照片、相片：◆a passport photo护照照片photograph, picture or photo?用 photograph、picture 还是 photo？Photograph is slightly more formal and photo is slightly less formal. Picture is used especially in the context of photographs in newspapers, magazines and books. * photograph 较正式而 photo 较非正式。picture 尤指报纸、杂志和书籍中的照片。shot a photograph指照片、相片：◆I tried to get a shot of him in the water.我试着给他拍一张在水中的照片。NOTEShot often places more emphasis on the process of taking the photograph, rather than the finished picture. * shot 通常更强调拍摄照片的过程，而非已拍出的照片。snapshot/snap an informal photograph that is taken quickly, and not by a professional photographer指非专业摄影师随手抓拍的照片：◆holiday snaps度假时随手拍的照片print a copy of a photograph that is produced from film or from a digital camera指由胶片或数码相机洗印的照片：◆a set of prints一套照片Patternsa colour photograph/picture/photo/snap/printto take a photograph/picture/photo/shot/snapshot➤ less important position 次要位置🔑 [sing. ]a position in which people are not paying attention to sb /sth or not as much attention as they are paying to sb /sth else 不显眼的位置；幕后◆ He prefers to remain in the background and let his assistant talk to the press . 他喜欢待在幕后，让他的助理向新闻界发布消息。◆ A piano tinkled gently in the background . 背景是悠扬的钢琴声。◆ background music 背景音乐◆ There was a lot of background noise (= that you could hear , but were not listening to ). 背景噪音很多。 ➡ compare foregroundnoun (2 ) ➤ colour under sth 底色[C , usually sing. ]a colour or design on which sth is painted , drawn , etc .底色；底花；底子◆ The name of the company is written in red on a white background . 公司的名称是用白底红字写的。 ● in the ˈbackground (computing计算机) (of a computer program 计算机程序) not being used at the present time and appearing on the screen behind programs that are being used 在后台；背景的 ➡ compare in the foreground at foregroundnoun ● merge into the ˈbackground (of a person 人) to behave quietly when you are with a group of people so that they do not notice you 悄悄融入整体；不求闻达 |
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