| 单词 | speak |
| 释义 | 🔑 speakBrE /spiːk/ NAmE /spiːk/ verb present simple - I / you / we / they speakBrE /spiːk/ NAmE /spiːk/ present simple - he / she / it speaksBrE /spiːks/ NAmE /spiːks/ past simple spokeBrE /spəʊk/ NAmE /spoʊk/ past participle spokenBrE /ˈspəʊkən/ NAmE /ˈspoʊkən/ -ing form speakingBrE /ˈspiːkɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈspiːkɪŋ/ speakverb 🔑speakernoun 🔑speechnoun 🔑spokenadjective 🔑 (≠ unspoken) ➤ have conversation 交谈🔑 [I ]to talk to sb about sth ; to have a conversation with sb 谈；谈话；交谈◆ ~ (to sb ) (about sth /sb )I've spoken to the manager about it . 那件事我已经和经理谈过了。◆ The President refused to speak to the waiting journalists . 总统拒绝同等候的记者讲话。◆ 'Can I speak to Susan ?' 'Speaking .' (= at the beginning of a telephone conversation )“请让苏珊接电话好吗？” “我就是。”◆ 'Do you know him ?' 'Not to speak to .' (= only by sight )“你认识他吗？” “见过但没说过话。”◆ I saw her in the street but we didn't speak . 我在街上看见她了，但我们没有谈话。◆ (especiallyNAmE ) ~ (with sb ) (about sth /sb )Can I speak with you for a minute ? 我能跟你谈一会儿吗？talkdiscuss ⬥ speak ⬥ communicate ⬥ debate ⬥ consultThese words all mean to share news, information, ideas or feelings with another person or other people, especially by talking with them.以上各词均含交流、交谈之义。talk to speak in order to give information, express feelings or share ideas指说话、讲话、谈话：◆We talked on the phone for over an hour.我们在电话里谈了一个多小时。discuss(ratherformal ) to talk and share ideas on a subject or problem with other people, especially in order to decide sth指谈论、讨论、商量：◆Have you discussed the problem with anyone?你与谁商量过这个问题吗？NOTEYou cannot say 'discuss about sth'.不能说 discuss about sth：◆I'm not prepared to discuss about this on the phone.speak to talk to sb about sth; to have a conversation with sb指谈话、交谈：◆I've spoken to the manager about it.那件事我已经和经理谈过了。◆'Can I speak to Susan?' 'Speaking.'(= at the beginning of a telephone conversation)“请问苏珊在吗？” “我就是。”talk or speak?用 talk 还是 speak？Speak can suggest a more formal level of communication than talk. You speak to sb about sth to try to achieve a particular goal or to tell them to do sth. You talk to sb in order to be friendly or to ask their advice.与 talk 比较，speak 所指的交谈可能更正式。与某人交谈试图达到某一目的或让对方做某事用 speak，为表示友好或询问建议用 talk：◆Have you talked to your parents about the problems you're having?你同你父母谈过你的问题吗？◆I've spoken to Ed about it and he's promised not to let it happen again.我已经同埃德谈过了，他答应不让这种事情再次发生。communicate(ratherformal ) to exchange information or ideas with sb指与某人交流信息或意见：◆We only communicate by email.我们只通过电子邮件进行交流。◆Dolphins use sound to communicate with each other.海豚用声音相互沟通。NOTECommunicate is often used when the speaker wants to draw attention to the means of communication used.说话者要让人注意交流的方式时常用 communicate。debate to discuss sth, especially formally, before making a decision or finding a solution（尤指正式）讨论、辩论：◆Politicians will be debating the bill later this week.政界将在本周晚些时候讨论这项议案。consult(ratherformal ) to discuss sth with sb in order to get their permission for sth, or to help you make a decision指（与某人）商议、商量（以得到许可或帮助决策）：◆You shouldn't have done it without consulting me.你不该不和我商量就做。Patternsto talk/discuss sth/speak/communicate/debate/consult with sb to talk/speak to sbto talk/speak to sb/consult sb about sthto talk/speak of sth➤ use voice 说话🔑 [I ]to use your voice to say sth 说话；讲话◆ He can't speak because of a throat infection . 他嗓子发炎不能说话。◆ Please speak more slowly . 请讲慢点。◆ Without speaking , she stood up and went out . 她没有说话，站起身来走了出去。◆ He speaks with a strange accent . 他说话的口音很特别。◆ She has a beautiful speaking voice . 她说话的音色很美。➤ mention /describe 提起；讲述🔑 [I ]~of /about sth /sb to mention or describe sth /sb 提起；讲述◆ She still speaks about him with great affection . 说起他来她依旧一往情深。◆ Witnesses spoke of a great ball of flame . 目击者都谈到有个大火球。◆ Speaking of travelling , (= referring back to a subject just mentioned )are you going anywhere exciting this year ? 说到旅游，你今年要去什么好玩的地方吗？mentionrefer to sb/sth ⬥ speak ⬥ cite ⬥ quoteThese words all mean to write or speak about sb/sth, often in order to give an example or prove sth.以上各词均含写到、说到、谈及或举例说明之义。mention to write or speak about sth/sb, especially without giving much information指提到、写到、说到，尤指未给出详细信息：◆Nobody mentioned anything to me about it.没人跟我提过这事。refer to sb/sth(ratherformal ) to mention or speak about sb/sth指提到、谈及、说起：◆I promised not to refer to the matter again.我答应过再不提这事了。speak to mention or describe sb/sth指提起、讲述：◆Witnesses spoke of a great ball of flame.目击者都谈到有个大火球。cite(formal ) to mention sth as a reason or an example, or in order to support what you are saying指提及（原因）、举出（示例）证明：◆He cited his heavy workload as the reason for his breakdown.他提到繁重的工作负荷是导致他累垮的原因。quote to mention an example of sth to support what you are saying指举例说明：◆Can you quote me an instance of when this happened?你能否给我举例说明一下发生这事的情况？cite or quote?用 cite 还是 quote？You can cite reasons or examples, but you can only quote examples. * cite 可指提及原因或举出示例，但 quote 只用于举例：◆He quoted his heavy workload as the reason for his breakdown. Cite is a more formal word than quote and is often used in more formal situations, for example in descriptions of legal cases. * cite 较 quote 正式，常用于较正式的场合中，如说明法律案件。Patternsto mention/refer to/speak of/cite/quote sb/sth as sb/sthto mention/refer to/cite/quote a(n) example/instance/case of sthfrequently/often mentioned/referred to/spoken of/cited/quotedthe example mentioned/referred to/cited/quoted above/earlier/previously➤ a language 语言🔑 [T ] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) ~sth to be able to use a particular language 会说，会讲（某种语言）◆ to speak several languages 会讲几种语言◆ to speak a little Urdu 会说一点乌尔都语◆ Do you speak English ? 你会说英语吗？🔑 [T , I ]to use a particular language to express yourself 用（某种语言）说话◆ ~sth What language is it they're speaking ? 他们讲的是什么语？◆ ~in sth Would you prefer it if we spoke in German ? 我们用德语讲好吗？➤ -speaking 讲…语 (in adjectives 构成形容词) speaking the language mentioned 讲…语的◆ French -speaking Canada 加拿大法语区◆ non -English -speaking students 不会讲英语的学生➤ make speech 发表讲话🔑 [I ](+ adv ./prep .)to make a speech to an audience 发言；演说；演讲◆ to speak in public 公开演讲◆ to speak on the radio 在电台上讲话◆ to speak at a conference 在会上发言◆ Professor Wilson was invited to speak about the results of his research . 威尔逊教授获邀就自己的研究成果发言。◆ She spoke in favour of the new tax . 她发表演说，支持新税。◆ He has a number of speaking engagements this week . 他这个星期安排了几次演讲。argument , ayes , chair , debate , the floor , motion , propose , second 1, speak , vote ➤ say /state 说；讲述[T ]~sth to say or state sth 说；讲述◆ She was clearly speaking the truth . 她讲的显然是实情。◆ He spoke the final words of the play . 剧中最后的台词是他说的。 ● be on ˈspeaking terms (with sb )● be ˈspeaking (to sb )to be willing to be polite or friendly towards sb , especially after an argument （与某人）和好如初，和睦相处◆ She's not been on speaking terms with her uncle for years . 多年来她跟她叔叔一直不说话。◆ Are they speaking to each other again yet ? 他们俩和好了没有？● ˈgenerally , ˈbroadly , ˈroughly , ˈrelatively , etc . speaking used to show that what you are saying is true in a general , etc . way 总的、一般、粗略、相对等说来◆ Generally speaking , the more you pay , the more you get . 一般来说，花钱多，买的东西就多。◆ There are , broadly speaking , two ways of doing this . 大致说来，做这件事有两种方法。◆ Personally speaking , I've always preferred Italian food . 就我个人来讲，我总是偏爱意大利菜。generallyWays of saying 'in general'“通常” 的表达方式◆Women generally earn less than men.女人通常比男人挣钱少。◆Generally speaking, jobs traditionally done by women are paid at a lower rate than those traditionally done by men.一般来说，传统上由妇女干的工作比传统上由男人干的工作报酬低。◆In general / By and large, women do not earn as much as men.总的说来，女人不如男人挣钱多。◆Certain jobs, like nursing and cleaning, are still mainly carried out by women.有些工作仍然主要由女性做，比如护理和保洁。◆Senior management posts are predominantly held by men.高层管理职位大多由男性担任。◆Most senior management posts tend to be held by men.大多数高层管理职位通常由男性担任。◆Women are, for the most part, still paid less than men.女人的薪水多半仍比男人低。◆Economic and social factors are, to a large extent, responsible for women being concentrated in low-paid jobs.经济和社会因素在很大程度上导致女性集中于低报酬工作。 ➡ language bank atconclusion , except , similarly ● no… /nothing to ˈspeak of such a small amount that it is not worth mentioning 不值一提；微不足道◆ They've got no friends to speak of . 他们没一个像样的朋友。◆ She's saved a little money but nothing to speak of . 她攒了一点钱，不过数目不值一提。● ˌso to ˈspeak used to emphasize that you are expressing sth in an unusual or amusing way 可以说；可谓◆ They were all very similar . All cut from the same cloth , so to speak . 他们都十分相像。可以说就跟一块布上剪下来似的。● speak for itˈself /themˈselves to be so easy to see and understand that you do not need to say anything else about it /them 不言而喻；有目共睹◆ Her success speaks for itself . 她的成功有目共睹。● speak for myˈself /herˈself /himˈself , etc .to express what you think or want yourself , rather than sb else doing it for you 自己说（而非让别人替自己说）◆ I'm quite capable of speaking for myself , thank you ! 我自己会说，谢谢了！● speak for yourˈself (informal ) used to tell sb that a general statement they have just made is not true of you （告诉某人不要以为自己的概括性意见适用于大家）只说你自己，那是你◆ 'We didn't play very well .' 'Speak for yourself !' (= I think that I played well .)“我们打得不太好。” “是说你自己吧！”● speaking as sth used to say that you are the type of person mentioned and are expressing your opinion from that point of view （表示从某种角度看问题）作为…来说◆ Speaking as a parent , I'm very concerned about standards in education . 作为家长，我十分关注教育的水准。● speak your ˈmind to say exactly what you think , in a very direct way 说心里话；说实在的；坦率地说● ˌspeak out of ˈturn to say sth when you should not , for example because it is not the right time or you are not the right person to say it 说话不合时宜（或不合身份）● speak ˈvolumes (about /for sth /sb )to tell you a lot about sth /sb , without the need for words 充分说明；清楚表明● speak ˈwell /ˈill of sb (formal ) to say good or bad things about sb 称赞（或贬损）某人；说某人的好话（或坏话）● actions speak louder than ˈwords (saying ) what a person actually does means more than what they say they will do 行动胜于语言● speak /talk of the ˈdevil (informal ) people say speak /talk of the devil when sb they have been talking about appears unexpectedly 说到某人，某人就到◆ Well , speak of the devil —here's Alice now ! 嗬，说谁谁到——瞧，艾丽斯这就来啦！● the facts speak for themˈselves it is not necessary to give any further explanation about sth because the information that is available already proves that it is true 事实足以说明一切● speak /think ˈill of sb (formal ) to say or think bad things about sb 说…的坏话；把…往坏处想◆ Don't speak ill of the dead . 勿议已故者之短。● speak /talk the same ˈlanguage to be able to communicate easily with another person because you share similar opinions and experience （因意见和经历相似）能容易地沟通，说得来，有共同语言● in a manner of ˈspeaking if you think about it in a particular way ; true in some but not all ways 可以说；不妨说；从某种意义上说◆ All these points of view are related , in a manner of speaking . 所有这些观点都在某方面相互关联。● ˈstrictly speaking if you are using words or rules in their exact or correct sense 严格说来◆ Strictly speaking , the book is not a novel , but a short story . 严格说来，这部小说不能算长篇，而是短篇。● speak /talk ˌout of ˈturn to say sth that you should not because it is the wrong situation or because it offends sb 说话出格（或冒失、鲁莽、不合时宜） ● ˈspeak for sb to state the views or wishes of a person or a group ; to act as a representative for sb 代（或代表）某人讲话● ˈspeak of sth (formal ) to be evidence that sth exists or is present 表明；说明◆ Everything here speaks of perfect good taste . 这里的一切都体现出极为高雅的情趣。● ˌspeak ˈout (against sth )🔑 to state your opinions publicly , especially in opposition to sth and in a way that takes courage 挺身（反对某事物）；公开站出来（反对） ➡ see also outspoken● ˈspeak to sb (about sth )(informal ) to talk to sb in a serious way about sth wrong they have done , to try to stop them doing it again （为某事）数说某人● ˈspeak to sb /sth to attract or interest sb /sth 吸引；使感兴趣◆ The story spoke to him directly .这个故事立刻吸引了他。◆ It's a design that speaks to the senses .这是一个诉诸感官的设计。● ˈspeak to sth to discuss or comment on a topic , problem or situation 讨论；评论◆ The show wants to speak to real issues affecting young people .这档节目想要讨论深切影响年轻人的问题。to be evidence that sth exists or is true 证实；说明◆ The number of cleaning firms speaks to the fact that cleaning is considered an important service .保洁被视为一项重要的服务，保洁公司的数量证明了这个事实。● ˌspeak ˈup 🔑 usually used in orders to tell sb to speak more loudly 大声点说◆ Please speak up —we can't hear you at the back . 请大声点讲，我们在后面听不见。● ˌspeak ˈup (for sb /sth )🔑 to say what you think clearly and freely , especially in order to support or defend sb /sth 明确表态；（尤指为…）说好话，辩护 |
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