| 单词 | burn |
| 释义 | verbnoun🔑 burnBrE /bɜːn/ NAmE /bɜːrn/ verb present simple - I / you / we / they burn BrE /bɜːn/ NAmE /bɜːrn/ present simple - he / she / it burns BrE /bɜːnz/ NAmE /bɜːrnz/ past simple burnt BrE /bɜːnt/ NAmE /bɜːrnt/ past participle burnt BrE /bɜːnt/ NAmE /bɜːrnt/ past simple burned BrE /bɜːnd/ NAmE /bɜːrnd/ past participle burned BrE /bɜːnd/ NAmE /bɜːrnd/ -ing form burning BrE /ˈbɜːnɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/ ➤ fire 火🔑 [I ]to produce flames and heat 燃烧；烧◆ A welcoming fire was burning in the fireplace . 壁炉里燃烧着暖融融的炉火。◆ Fires were burning all over the city . 全城处处燃烧着大火。🔑 [I ] (used especially in the progressive tenses 尤用于进行时) to be on fire 着火；烧着◆ By nightfall the whole city was burning . 到黄昏时，全城已是一片火海。◆ Two children were rescued from the burning car . 两名儿童从燃烧着的车中被救了出来。◆ The smell of burning rubber filled the air . 空气中弥漫着橡胶燃烧的气味。🔑 [T , I ]to destroy , damage , injure or kill sb /sth by fire ; to be destroyed , etc . by fire （使）烧毁，烧坏，烧伤，烧死◆ ~ (sb /sth )to burn waste paper /dead leaves 焚烧废纸/枯树叶◆ All his belongings were burnt in the fire . 他所有的财物都在大火中付之一炬。◆ The cigarette burned a hole in the carpet . 香烟把地毯烧了个洞。◆ The house was burnt to the ground (= completely destroyed ). 那座房子彻底焚毁了。◆ The house burned to the ground . 房子被大火夷为平地。◆ Ten people burned to death in the hotel fire . 旅馆火灾中有十人被烧死。◆ ~sb /sth + adj .His greatest fear is of being burnt alive . 他最怕的是被活活烧死。➤ fuel 燃料🔑 [T , I ]~ (sth )if you burn a fuel , or a fuel burns , it produces heat , light or energy （使燃料）燃烧◆ a furnace that burns gas /oil /coke 煤气/煤油/焦炭熔炉◆ (figurative ) Some people burn calories (= use food to produce energy )faster than others . 有些人热量消耗得比其他人快。◆ Which fuel burns most efficiently ? 哪种燃料燃烧效果最佳？➤ food 食物🔑 [I , T ]if food burns , or if you burn it , it is spoiled because it gets too hot （使）烧焦，烧煳◆ I can smell something burning in the kitchen . 我闻到厨房里有东西烧焦了。◆ ~sth Sorry —I burnt the toast . 抱歉，我把面包烤煳了。➤ sun /heat /acid 太阳；热；酸🔑 [I , T ]to be damaged or injured by the sun , heat , acid , etc .; to damage or injure sb /sth in this way （使）晒伤，烫伤，烧伤◆ My skin burns easily (= in the sun ). 我的皮肤容易晒伤。◆ ~sb I got badly burned by the sun yesterday . 我昨天严重晒伤。◆ ~sth The soup's hot . Don't burn your mouth . 汤很热，别烫了嘴。◆ ~yourself I burned myself on the stove . 我被炉子烫了。burnchar ⬥ scald ⬥ scorch ⬥ singeThese words all mean to damage, injure, destroy or kill sb/sth with heat or fire.以上各词均含因高温或火导致损坏、损伤、毁灭之义。burnto damage, injure, destroy or kill sb/sth with fire, heat or acid; to be damaged, etc. by fire, heat or acid指烧（或灼）坏、烧（或灼）伤、烧（或灼）死：◆She burned all his letters.她把他的信全部付之一炬。◆The house burned down in 1995.那所房子在 1995 年烧毁了。char[usually passive ] to make sth black by burning it; to become black by burning指（使）烧黑、烧焦：◆The bodies had been charred beyond recognition.这些尸体已烧焦，无法辨认。scaldto burn part of your body with very hot liquid or steam指被高温液体或气体烫伤scorchto burn and slightly damage a surface by making it too hot指把物体表面烫坏、烧煳、烤焦：◆I scorched my dress when I was ironing it.我把自己的连衣裙熨焦了。singeto burn the surface of sth slightly, usually by mistake; to be burnt in this way尤指不小心把物体表面烤焦、烫煳：◆He singed his hair as he tried to light his cigarette.他点烟时把头发给燎了。scorch or singe?用 scorch 还是 singe？Things are scorched by heat or fire. Things can only be singed by fire or a flame. * scorch 指高温烫坏或火烧煳；singe 仅指火或火舌烧焦。Patternsto burn/scald yourself/your handto burn/scorch/singe your hair/clothesburnt out/charred/scorched remains/ruins/buildings➤ of part of body 身体部位[I ]if part of your body burns or is burning , it feels very hot and painful 火辣辣地痛；发烫◆ Your forehead's burning . Have you got a fever ? 你的前额很烫，你发烧了吗？◆ Her cheeks burned with embarrassment . 她羞得面颊发烫。hurtache ⬥ burn ⬥ sting ⬥ tingle ⬥ itch ⬥ throbThese are all words that can be used when part of your body feels painful.以上各词均可指身体部位感到疼痛。hurt(of part of your body) to feel painful; (of an action) to cause pain指（身体部位）感到疼痛、（某一动作）引起疼痛：◆My feet hurt.我脚疼。◆Ouch! That hurt!哎哟！好疼！acheto feel a continuous dull pain指疼痛、隐痛：◆I'm aching all over.我周身疼痛。burn(of part of your body) to feel very hot and painful指（身体部位）火辣辣地痛、发烫：◆Our eyes were burning from the chemicals in the air.空气中弥漫的化学物质熏得我们的眼睛火辣辣地痛。stingto make sb feel a sharp burning pain or uncomfortable feeling in part of their body; (of part of your body) to feel this pain指（使）身体部位感觉刺痛、灼痛：◆My eyes were stinging from the smoke.烟熏得我眼睛痛。tingle(of part of your body) to feel as if a lot of small sharp points are pushing into the skin there指（身体部位）感到刺痛：◆The cold air made her face tingle.冷空气冻得她的脸发痛。itchto have an uncomfortable feeling on your skin that makes you want to scratch; to make your skin feel like this指（使）皮肤发痒：◆I itch all over.我浑身痒。◆Does the rash itch?皮疹痒吗？throb(of part of your body) to feel pain as a series of regular beats指（身体部位）有规律地抽动、抽痛：◆His head throbbed painfully.他的头一抽一跳地痛。Patternsyour eyes hurt/ache/burn/sting/itchyour skin hurts/burns/stings/tingles/itchesyour flesh hurts/burns/stings/tinglesyour head hurts/aches/throbsyour stomach hurts/achesto really hurt/ache/burn/sting/tingle/itch/throbto hurt/ache/sting/itch badly/a lotIt hurts/stings/tingles/itches.➤ of a light 灯[I ]to produce light 发光；发亮◆ Lights were burning upstairs , but no one answered the door . 楼上亮着灯，但叫门没人回应。➤ feel emotion /desire 有情感/热望[I , T ](literary ) to feel a very strong emotion or desire 有强烈的情感；渴望◆ ~with sth to be burning with rage /ambition /love 满怀强烈的仇恨/远大的抱负/炽热的爱◆ ~to do sth He was burning to go climbing again . 他渴望再去爬山。➤ go fast 走得快[I ]+ adv ./prep .(informal ) to move very fast in a particular direction 向…迅速移动◆ The car was burning down the road . 汽车沿着公路疾驰而去。➤ make angry 使生气[T ]~sb (NAmE , informal ) to make sb very angry 激怒；使大怒◆ So you did it just to burn me ? 这么说，你那样做只是为了气我？➤ CD , DVD 光盘、数字影碟[T , I ]~ (sth ) (to sth )to put information onto a CD or DVD 刻录（光盘或数字影碟） ● burn your ˈbridges (BrE alsoburn your ˈboats ) to do sth that makes it impossible to return to the previous situation later 不留退路；破釜沉舟；背水而战◆ Think carefully before you resign —you don't want to burn your bridges . 辞职前要三思，你得给自己留条退路。● burn the candle at both ˈends to become very tired by trying to do too many things and going to bed late and getting up early 过度劳累；起早贪黑而疲惫不堪● burn your ˈfingers ● get your ˈfingers burnt to suffer as a result of doing sth without realizing the possible bad results , especially in business （尤指生意上）没有先见之明而蒙受损失，因不慎而吃亏◆ He got his fingers badly burnt dabbling in the stock market . 他糊里糊涂地进入股票市场，结果赔了老本。● burn a ˈhole in your pocket if money burns a hole in your pocket , you want to spend it as soon as you have it 一有（钱）就想花；花钱没有节制● burn the midnight ˈoil to study or work until late at night 挑灯夜战；熬夜● burn ˈrubber (informal ) to drive very fast 飞车● burn sth to a ˈcinder /ˈcrisp to cook sth for too long or with too much heat , so that it becomes badly burnt 把某物烧焦（或烧煳）● sb's ˈears are burning a person thinks that other people are talking about them , especially in an unkind way （感到有人议论自己，尤指说闲话而）耳朵发热◆ 'I bumped into your ex -wife last night .' 'I thought I could feel my ears burning !' “我昨天晚上偶然遇到你的前妻。” “怪不得我好像觉得耳朵发热呢！”● feel your ˈears burning to think or imagine that other people are talking about you 觉得耳朵在发烧（认为或猜测别人在说自己）● have money to ˈburn to have so much money that you do not have to be careful with it 钱多得花不完；有用不完的钱 ● ˌburn aˈway ● ˌburn sth↔aˈway to disappear as a result of burning ; to make sth do this （使）烧掉，烧光◆ Half the candle had burnt away . 那根蜡烛烧掉了一半。◆ The clothing on his back got burnt away in the fire . 他背部的衣服在大火中烧掉了。● ˌburn ˈdown if a fire burns down , it becomes weaker and has smaller flames （火势）减弱● ˌburn ˈdown 🔑 ● ˌburn sth↔ˈdown 🔑 to be destroyed , or to destroy sth , by fire （被）焚毁◆ The house burned down in 1895 . 那房子在 1895 年烧毁了。● ˌburn sth↔ˈoff to remove sth by burning 烧掉；烧除◆ Burn off the old paint before repainting the door . 先把门上的旧漆烧掉，再刷新油漆。to use energy by doing exercise （通过锻炼等）消耗能量◆ This workout helps you to burn off fat and tone muscles . 这项锻炼有助于消耗脂肪，使肌肉强健。● ˌburn ˈout ● ˌburn itself ˈout (of a fire 火) to stop burning because there is nothing more to burn 烧尽；熄灭◆ The fire had burnt (itself ) out before the fire engines arrived .救火车到达之前火就熄灭了。● ˌburn ˈout ● ˌburn sth↔ˈout to stop working or to make sth stop working because it gets too hot or is used too much （因过热或使用过多）出故障◆ The clutch has burnt out . 离合器因过热而失灵了。● ˌburn ˈout ● ˌburn yourself /sb ˈout to become extremely tired or sick by working too hard over a period of time 耗尽体力；积劳成疾；累垮◆ If he doesn't stop working so hard , he'll burn himself out . 他要是继续这样拼命工作，就会把自己累垮。◆ By the age of 25 she was completely burned out and retired from the sport . 她到 25 岁时就已体力耗尽，退出了体坛。 ➡ related noun burnout (1 ) ● ˌburn sth ˈout [usually passive ]to destroy sth completely by fire so that only the outer frame remains 把…烧成空架子◆ The hotel was completely burnt out . 旅馆被烧得只剩一片废墟。◆ the burnt -out wreck of a car 汽车烧毁后的残骸● ˌburn ˈup to be destroyed by heat 被烧毁；被烧掉◆ The spacecraft burned up as it entered the earth's atmosphere . 宇宙飞船进入地球大气层时被烧毁。 (usually used in the progressive tenses 通常用于进行时) (informal ) to have a high temperature 发烧；体温高◆ You're burning up —have you seen a doctor ? 你发烧了，你看过医生吗？(of a fire 火) to burn more strongly and with larger flames 烧得更旺；火势加大● ˌburn sb ˈup (NAmE , informal ) to make sb very angry 激怒；使大怒◆ The way he treats me really burns me up . 他这样对待我真使我恼火。● ˌburn sth↔ˈup to get rid of or destroy sth by burning 焚毁；烧掉◆ The fire burned up 1 500 acres of farmland . 大火烧掉了 1 500 英亩农田。to use calories or energy by doing exercise （通过锻炼）消耗热能◆ Which burns up more calories —swimming or cycling ? 游泳和骑车，哪种运动消耗热量大？🔑 burnBrE /bɜːn/ NAmE /bɜːrn/ noun ➤ injury 伤[C ]an injury or a mark caused by fire , heat or acid 烧伤；烫伤；灼伤；烧（或烫、灼）的痕迹◆ minor /severe /third -degree burns 轻度/重度/三度烧伤◆ cigarette burns on the furniture 烟头在家具上烫出的痕迹◆ burn marks 烙印◆ a specialist burns unit in a hospital 医院的烧伤专科➤ in muscles 肌肉the burn [sing. ]the feeling that you get in your muscles when you have done a lot of exercise 酸痛感➤ river 河流[C ](ScotE ) a small river 小河；溪流SYN stream ● do a slow ˈburn (NAmE , informal ) to slowly get angry 慢慢生起气来 |
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