| 单词 | by |
| 释义 | prepositionadverb🔑 byBrE /baɪ/ NAmE /baɪ/ preposition 🔑 near sb /sth ; at the side of sb /sth ; beside sb /sth 靠近；在…旁边◆ a house by the river 河边的一所房子◆ The telephone is by the window . 电话在窗户旁边。◆ Come and sit by me . 过来挨着我坐。🔑 used , usually after a passive verb , to show who or what does , creates or causes sth （常置于表示被动的动词后，表示施事者）◆ He was knocked down by a bus . 他被公共汽车撞倒了。◆ a play by Ibsen 易卜生写的剧本◆ Who's that book by ? 谁是那本书的作者？◆ I was frightened by the noise . 我被那响声吓坏了。🔑 used for showing how or in what way sth is done （表示方式）◆ The house is heated by gas . 这房子是煤气供暖的。◆ May I pay by credit card ?我能用信用卡付款吗？◆ I will contact you by letter . 我会给你写信联系的。◆ to travel by boat /bus /car /plane 乘船/公共汽车/轿车/飞机◆ to travel by air /land /sea 坐飞机；经陆路/海路◆ Switch it on by pressing this button . 按下这个开关启动它。🔑 used before particular nouns without the , to say that sth happens as a result of sth （置于不带 the 的名词前，表示原因）由于◆ They met by chance . 他们不期而遇。◆ I did it by mistake . 我误做了这事。◆ The coroner's verdict was 'death by misadventure' . 验尸官判定是 “意外致死”。🔑 not later than the time mentioned ; before 不迟于；在…之前◆ Can you finish the work by five o'clock ? 你五点钟前能完成工作吗？◆ I'll have it done by tomorrow . 我明天之前让人把它弄好。◆ By this time next week we'll be in New York . 下星期的这个时候我们将在纽约。◆ He ought to have arrived by now /by this time .他现在应该已经到了。◆ By the time (that )this letter reaches you I will have left the country .你收到这封信时，我已离开这个国家了。🔑 past sb /sth 经过◆ He walked by me without speaking . 他一言不发地从我身边走过。🔑 during sth ; in a particular situation 在…期间；处于某种状况◆ to travel by day /night 白天/夜间旅行◆ We had to work by candlelight . 我们不得不借助烛光工作。🔑 used to show the degree or amount of sth （表示程度、数量）◆ The bullet missed him by two inches . 子弹只差两英寸就击中他了。◆ House prices went up by 10% . 房价上涨了 10%。◆ It would be better by far (= much better )to… 那比…好得多。🔑 from what sth shows or says ; according to sth 从…看；依；按照◆ By my watch it is two o'clock . 我的表是两点钟。◆ I could tell by the look on her face that something terrible had happened . 从她的脸色我可以看出，发生了可怕的事情。◆ By law , you are a child until you are 18 . 按照法律规定，18 岁之前是未成年人。🔑 used to show the part of sb /sth that sb touches , holds , etc .（表示触及或抓住的人或物的部分）◆ I took him by the hand . 我拉着他的手。◆ She seized her by the hair . 她揪住她的头发。◆ Pick it up by the handle ! 抓着手柄把它提起来！🔑 used with the to show the period or quantity used for buying , selling or measuring sth （与 the 连用，表示时间或量度单位）◆ We rented the car by the day . 我们按日租用汽车。◆ They're paid by the hour . 他们的报酬是按小时计算的。◆ We only sell it by the metre . 我们只按米出售。🔑 used to state the rate at which sth happens （表示速率）◆ They're improving day by day . 他们在一天天地改进。◆ We'll do it bit by bit . 我们会一点一点地做。◆ It was getting worse by the minute (= very fast ). 情况急速恶化。◆ The children came in two by two (= in groups of two ). 孩子们一对一对地走了进来。🔑 used to show the measurements of sth （表示尺寸时用）◆ The room measures fifteen feet by twenty feet . 房间 15 英尺宽 20 英尺长。🔑 used when multiplying or dividing （用于乘除运算）◆ 6 multiplied by 2 equals 12 .6 乘以 2 等于 12。◆ 6 divided by 2 equals 3 .6 除以 2 等于 3。used for giving more information about where sb comes from , what sb does , etc .（补充有关出生地、职业等的信息）◆ He's German by birth . 他是德国血统的。◆ They're both doctors by profession . 他们两人的职业都是医生。used when swearing to mean 'in the name of' （起誓时用）以…的名义◆ I swear by Almighty God… 我以全能上帝之名发誓… ● by the ˈby /ˈbye = by the way🔑 byBrE /baɪ/ NAmE /baɪ/ adverb 🔑 past 经过◆ Just drive by . Don't stop . 直接开过去。别停车。◆ He hurried by without speaking to me . 他没和我说话就匆匆过去了。◆ Excuse me , I can't get by . 劳驾，请让开点路。◆ Time goes by so quickly . 时光飞逝。used to say that sth is saved so that it can be used in the future （表示保留或保存时用）◆ I've put some money by for college fees . 我已经存了些钱作大学学费。in order to visit sb for a short time 短暂拜访◆ I'll come by this evening and pick up the books . 我今晚过来取书。 ● by and ˈby (old-fashioned ) before long ; soon 不久；很快◆ By and by she met an old man with a beard . 她不久就碰到了一个大胡子老头。● by and ˈlarge used when you are saying something that is generally , but not completely , true 大体上；总的来说◆ By and large , I enjoyed my time at school . 总的说来，我在学校的日子很开心。generallyWays of saying 'in general'“通常” 的表达方式◆Women generally earn less than men.女人通常比男人挣钱少。◆Generally speaking, jobs traditionally done by women are paid at a lower rate than those traditionally done by men.一般来说，传统上由妇女干的工作比传统上由男人干的工作报酬低。◆In general / By and large, women do not earn as much as men.总的说来，女人不如男人挣钱多。◆Certain jobs, like nursing and cleaning, are still mainly carried out by women.有些工作仍然主要由女性做，比如护理和保洁。◆Senior management posts are predominantly held by men.高层管理职位大多由男性担任。◆Most senior management posts tend to be held by men.大多数高层管理职位通常由男性担任。◆Women are, for the most part, still paid less than men.女人的薪水多半仍比男人低。◆Economic and social factors are, to a large extent, responsible for women being concentrated in low-paid jobs.经济和社会因素在很大程度上导致女性集中于低报酬工作。 ➡ language bank atconclusion , except , similarly |
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