| 单词 | campaign |
| 释义 | nounverb🔑 cam·paignBrE /kæmˈpeɪn/ NAmE /kæmˈpeɪn/ noun 🔑 ~ (against /for sth )a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social , commercial or political aim 运动（为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动）◆ to conduct a campaign 领导一场运动◆ a campaign against ageism in the workplace 反对在工作场所实行年龄歧视的运动◆ the campaign for parliamentary reform 要求议会进行改革的运动◆ an anti -smoking campaign 反对吸烟的运动◆ Today police launched (= began )a campaign to reduce road accidents . 警方今天发起了一场减少道路交通事故的运动。◆ an advertising campaign 一场广告宣传运动◆ an election campaign 竞选运动◆ the President's campaign team /manager 总统的竞选班子/主管campaignbattle ⬥ struggle ⬥ drive ⬥ war ⬥ fightThese are all words for an effort made to achieve or prevent sth.以上各词均指为达到某目的或为阻止某事而作出的努力。campaigna series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social, commercial or political aim指为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动或运动：◆the campaign for parliamentary reform要求议会改革的运动◆an advertising campaign广告宣传活动battlea competition or an argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control指个人或集体为赢得权力或控制权而进行的较量、争论或斗争：◆She finally won the legal battle for compensation.她终于赢得了这场要求赔偿的法律斗争。◆the endless battle between man and nature人与大自然永无休止的斗争strugglea competition or an argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control指个人或集体为赢得权力或控制权而进行的较量、争论或斗争：◆the struggle for independence为独立的斗争◆the struggle between good and evil正邪之争battle or struggle?用 battle 还是 struggle？A struggle is always about things that seem absolutely necessary, such as life and death or freedom. A battle can also be about things that are not absolutely necessary, just desirable, or about the pleasure of winning. * struggle 总是用于似乎绝对必要的斗争，如关乎生死、自由等。battle 还可用于并非绝对必要的斗争，如仅仅是想得到或者为了获得胜利的满足感：◆the battle/struggle between good and evil正邪之争◆a legal struggle for compensation◆a struggle of wills/witsdrivean organized effort by a group of people to achieve sth指团体为达到目的而作出的有组织的努力：◆the drive for greater efficiency为提高效率而作出的努力◆a drive to reduce energy consumption为减少能源消耗而发起的运动campaign or drive?用 campaign 还是 drive？A campaign is usually aimed at getting other people to do sth; a drive may be an attempt by people to get themselves to do sth. * campaign 通常指发动别人参加的运动；drive 可指让自己作出努力：◆From today, we're going on an economy drive(= we must spend less).从今天起，我们要展开厉行节约运动。A campaign may be larger, more formal and more organized than a drive. * campaign 所指的运动可能比 drive 更大规模、更正式和更有组织。war[sing. ] an effort over a long period of time to get rid of or stop sth bad指为消灭或阻止有害事物而进行的长期斗争：◆the war against crime反犯罪活动的斗争fight[sing. ] the work of trying to stop or prevent sth bad or achieve sth good; an act of competing, especially in a sport指为制止或防止坏事物或为达到好目的而进行的斗争，或指竞赛，尤指体育竞赛：◆Workers won their fight to stop compulsory redundancies.工人赢得了阻止强制裁员的斗争。war or fight?用 war 还是 fight？A war is about stopping things, like drugs and crime, that everyone agrees are bad. A fight can be about achieving justice for yourself. * war 用于制止人人摒弃的事物（如毒品和犯罪）而进行的斗争；fight 可用于为自己伸张正义而进行的斗争。Patternsa campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fight against stha campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fight for stha one-man/one-woman/personal campaign/battle/struggle/wara bitter campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fightto launch/embark on a campaign/battle/driveto lead/continue the campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fightto win/lose a battle/struggle/war/fightVoting in elections在选举中投票Running for election参加选举conduct/hold an election/a referendum举行选举/全民公决(especiallyNAmE ) run for office/election/governor/mayor/president/the White House竞选公职；参加竞选；竞选州长/市长/总统/美国总统(especiallyBrE ) stand for election/office/Parliament/the Labour Party/a second term参加竞选；竞选公职/议会议员；当工党候选人；竞选连任hold/call/contest a general/national election举行/要求/角逐大选/全国选举launch/run a presidential election campaign开始总统竞选活动support/back a candidate支持候选人sway/convince/persuade voters/the electorate说服选民/全体选民appeal to/attract/woo/target (NAmE ) swing voters/ (BrE ) floating voters吸引游离选民；寻求游离选民的支持；瞄准游离选民fix/rig/steal an election/the vote操纵选举；暗中舞弊获取选票Voting投票go to/be turned away from (especiallyBrE ) a polling station/ (NAmE ) a polling place去/被拒绝进入投票站投票cast a/your vote/ballot (for sb)投（某人）一票vote for the Conservative candidate/the Democratic party投票给保守党候选人/民主党mark/spoil your ballot paper在选票上做标记；投废票count (BrE ) the postal votes/ (especiallyNAmE ) the absentee ballots清点邮寄选票数go to/be defeated at the ballot box去投票箱投票；竞选失败get/win/receive/lose votes赢得/失去选票get/win (60% of) the popular/black/Hispanic/Latino/Muslim vote赢得大众/黑人/拉美裔/穆斯林 (60%) 的选票win the election/(in the US) the primaries/a seat in Parliament/a majority/power赢得大选/（美国的）初选/议会中的一个席位/多数票/权力lose an election/the vote/your majority/your seat在选举中失败；失去多数人的支持/席位win/come to power in a landslide (victory) (= with many more votes than any other party)以压倒多数的选票获胜/掌权elect/re-elect sb (as) mayor/president/an MP/senator/congressman/congresswoman选举/再度选举某人为市长/总统/议员/参议员/国会议员/国会女议员Taking power掌权be sworn into office/in as president宣誓就职/就任总统take/administer (in the US) the oath of office（美国）宣誓就职；听取就职宣誓swear/take (in the UK) an/the oath of allegiance（英国）宣誓效忠give/deliver (in the US) the president's inaugural address发表（美国）总统就职演说take/enter/hold/leave office就职；任职；离职appoint sb (as) ambassador/governor/judge/minister任命某人为大使/州长/法官/部长form a government/a cabinet组建政府/内阁serve two terms as prime minister/in office任两届总理；两届任职 ➡ collocations ateconomy , politics a series of attacks and battles that are intended to achieve a particular military aim during a war 战役alert , assassinate , attack , campaign , execute , extremist , hijack , hostage , kidnap , terrorism Silent lettersgnarled,gnash,gnat,gnaw,gnomehaute cuisine,heir,(NAmE herb),honour,hors d’oeuvre,hourknack,knee,kneel,knife,knight,knit,knob,knock,knot,know,knucklepsalm,psephology,psychic,ptarmigan,pterodactyl,psychologywrangle,wrap,wreath,wreck,wrench,wrestle,wriggle,wring,write,wrongbomb,climb,crumb,doubt,lamb,limbascent,fascinate,muscle,scene,scissorsheight,right,sleigh,weightalign,campaign,design,foreign,malign,reign,unfeignedbalmy,calm,calf,half,yolkautumn,column,condemn,damn,hymn,solemnbristle,fasten,listen,mortgage,soften,thistle,wrestlebiscuit,build,circuit,disguise,guilty,league,rogue,vagueyachtanswer,sword,two🔑 cam·paignBrE /kæmˈpeɪn/ NAmE /kæmˈpeɪn/ verb present simple - I / you / we / they campaign BrE /kæmˈpeɪn/ NAmE /kæmˈpeɪn/ present simple - he / she / it campaigns BrE /kæmˈpeɪnz/ NAmE /kæmˈpeɪnz/ past simple campaigned BrE /kæmˈpeɪnd/ NAmE /kæmˈpeɪnd/ past participle campaigned BrE /kæmˈpeɪnd/ NAmE /kæmˈpeɪnd/ -ing form campaigning BrE /kæmˈpeɪnɪŋ/ NAmE /kæmˈpeɪnɪŋ/ [I , T ]to take part in or lead a campaign , for example to achieve political change or in order to win an election 参加运动，领导运动（如为实现政治变革或赢得竞选）◆ The party campaigned vigorously in the north of the country . 该党在本国北部展开了强有力的竞选运动。◆ ~for /against sb /sth We have campaigned against whaling for the last 15 years . 我们过去 15 年一直参加反对捕鲸的运动。◆ ~to do sth They are campaigning to save the area from building development . 他们正开展一场反对在这个地区进行房地产开发的运动。▸ cam·paign·ing BrE /kæmˈpeɪnɪŋ/ NAmE /kæmˈpeɪnɪŋ/ noun [U ] |
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