| 单词 | first |
| 释义 | determineradverbnoun🔑 firstBrE /fɜːst/ NAmE /fɜːrst/ determiner , ordinal number 🔑 happening or coming before all other similar things or people ; 1st 第一◆ his first wife 他的第一个妻子◆ the first turning on the right 第一个右转弯◆ It was the first time they had ever met . 这是他们初次见面。◆ I didn't take the first bus . 我没有乘坐首班公共汽车。◆ students in their first year at college 大学一年级学生◆ your first impressions 你的初步印象◆ She resolved to do it at the first (= earliest )opportunity . 她决定一有机会就去做。◆ King Edward I (= pronounced 'King Edward the First' )英王爱德华一世◆ the first of May /May 1st 5 月 1 日◆ His second book is better than his first . 他的第二部书比第一部好。🔑 the most important or best 最重要的；首要的；最优秀的◆ Your first duty is to your family . 你首先应对家庭尽责。◆ She won first prize in the competition . 她在竞赛中获得一等奖。◆ an issue of the first importance 最重要的问题 HELPMost idioms containing first are at the entries for the nouns and adjectives in the idioms , for example on first acquaintance is at acquaintance .大多数含有 first 的习语位于该习语中名词和形容词所在的词条，如 first acquaintance 位于 acquaintance 词条。● there's a first time for everything (saying , humorous ) the fact that sth has not happened before does not mean that it will never happen 没有发生的事情并不意味着永远不会发生；什么事情都有第一次🔑 firstBrE /fɜːst/ NAmE /fɜːrst/ adverb 🔑 before anyone or anything else ; at the beginning 首先；第一；最初◆ 'Do you want a drink ?' 'I'll finish my work first .' “你想喝杯饮料吗？” “我要先完成工作。”◆ First I had to decide what to wear . 首先我得决定穿什么。◆ Who came first in the race (= who won )? 赛跑谁第一？◆ It plunged nose first into the river . 它一头跳入水中。🔑 for the first time 第一次；首次◆ When did you first meet him ? 你和他初次见面是何时？🔑 used to introduce the first of a list of points you want to make in a speech or piece of writing （列举时用）第一，首先SYN firstly◆ This method has two advantages : first it is cheaper and second it is quicker . 这个方法有两个优点：一是更便宜，二是较快。firstOrdering your points梳理要点◆This study has the following aims: first, to investigate how international students in the UK use humour; second, to examine how jokes can help to establish social relationships; and, third, to explore the role that humour plays in helping overseas students adjust to life in the UK.本研究有以下几个目的：第一，调查在英国的留学生如何运用幽默；第二，考察笑话如何帮助建立社交关系；第三，探究幽默对留学生适应英国生活所起的作用。◆Let us begin by identifying some of the popular joke genres in the UK.首先我们来探究一下流行于英国的一些笑话类型。◆Next, let us turn to / Next, let us consider the question of gender differences in the use of humour.接下来，我们来探讨一下运用幽默的性别差异问题。◆Finally / Lastly, let us briefly examine the role of humour in defining a nation's culture.最后，我们来简略地探讨一下幽默在界定民族文化中所起的作用。 ➡ note atfirstly , lastly ➡ language bank atconclusion , process 1processDescribing a process描述过程◆This diagram illustrates the process of paper-making./This diagram shows how paper is made.这个图说明了造纸的过程。◆First / First of all, logs are delivered to a paper mill, where the bark is removed and the wood is cut into small chips.首先，原木被运送到造纸厂，在那里去掉树皮，然后被切成木片。◆Next / Second, the wood chips are pulped, either using chemicals or in a pulping machine.接下来，用化学品或磨浆机把木片化成浆。◆Pulping breaks down the internal structure of the wood and enables / allows the natural oils to be removed.制浆过程使木材的内部结构分解，从而去除木材里的天然油。◆Once / After the wood has been pulped, the pulp is bleached in order to remove impurities. /…is bleached so that impurities can be removed.木材制成浆后，将其漂白以去除杂质。◆The next stage is to feed the pulp into the paper machine, where it is mixed with water and then poured onto a wire conveyor belt.下一步便是将纸浆送入制纸机，与水混合后再倒入金属传送带。◆As the pulp travels along the conveyor belt, the water drains away. This causes the solid material to sink to the bottom, forming a layer of paper.当纸浆沿传送带传送时，水分蒸发，使得固体物质沉到底部，形成一层纸。◆At this point the new paper is still wet, so it is passed between large heated rollers, which press out the remaining water and simultaneously dry the paper/…dry the paper at the same time.这时，新出的纸仍然是湿的，故让其经过几个巨大的热滚筒，挤压脱水并同时烘干。◆The final stage is to wind the paper onto large rolls./ Finally, the paper is wound onto large rolls.最后一步是将纸卷在巨大的卷轴上。 ➡ note atfirstly , lastly ➡ language bank atconclusion , first used to emphasize that you are determined not to do sth （强调不愿意）宁可，宁愿◆ She swore that she wouldn't apologize —she'd die first ! 她发誓决不道歉，宁死也不！ ● at ˈfirst 🔑 at or in the beginning 起初；起先◆ I didn't like the job much at first . 起初我并不很喜欢这个工作。◆ At first I thought he was shy , but then I discovered he was just not interested in other people . 起先我以为他腼腆，后来才发现他就是对别人没兴趣。◆ (saying ) If at first you don't succeed , try , try again . 一次不成功就反复尝试。firstly / first of all / at firstFirstly and first (of all) are used to introduce a series of facts, reasons, opinions, etc. * firstly 和 first (of all) 均用以引出一系列事实、理由、意见等：◆The brochure is divided into two sections, dealing firstly with basic courses and secondly with advanced ones.小册子分为两部分：第一部分涉及基础课程，第二部分涉及高级课程。Firstly is more common in BrE than in NAmE . * firstly 在英式英语中比在美式英语中更常用。At first is used to talk about the situation at the beginning of a period of time, especially when you are comparing it with a different situation at a later period. * at first 用以讲述最初阶段的情况，尤指与后来的不同情况相比较：◆Maggie had seen him nearly every day at first. Now she saw him much less.起初玛吉几乎每天都见到他，现在见到他的次数少得多了。● come ˈfirst to be considered more important than anything else 首要；第一；首先要考虑的◆ In any decision she makes , her family always comes first . 她作任何决定都是家庭第一。● ˌfirst and ˈforemost more than anything else 首要的是；首先◆ He does a little teaching , but first and foremost he's a writer . 他干一点教学，但首要的是写作。Alliteration in idiomsbelt and braces,(beat somebody) black and blue,born and bred,chalk and cheese,chop and change,done and dusted,down and dirty,in dribs and drabs,eat somebody out of house and home,facts and figures,fast and furious,first and foremost,forgive and forget,hale and hearty,hem and haw,kith and kin,mix and match,part and parcel of something,puff and pant,go to rack and ruin,rant and rave,risk life and limb,short and sweet,signed and sealed,spic and span,through thick and thin,this and that,top and tail something,tried and testedtrusted,wax and wane● ˌfirst and ˈlast in every way that is important ; completely 从各方面看；完全地◆ She regarded herself , first and last , as a musician . 她认为她自己是一个不折不扣的音乐家。● ˌfirst ˈcome , ˌfirst ˈserved (saying ) people will be dealt with , seen , etc . strictly in the order in which they arrive 先来先接待；先到先供应；按先来后到对待◆ Tickets are available on a first come , first served basis . 票先来先买，售完为止。● ˌfirst of ˈall 🔑 before doing anything else ; at the beginning 第一；首先◆ First of all , let me ask you something . 首先，让我问你一件事。🔑 as the most important thing 最重要；首先◆ The content of any article needs , first of all , to be relevant to the reader . 任何文章的内容都首先要与读者有关。● ˌfirst ˈoff (informal , especiallyBrE ) before anything else 首先◆ First off , let's see how much it'll cost . 首先咱们看看这要花多少钱。● ˌfirst ˈup (BrE , informal ) to start with ; before anything else 第一；首先● ˌput sb /sth ˈfirst to consider sb /sth to be more important than anyone /anything else 认为…最重要；把…放在第一位◆ She always puts her children first . 她总是把子女放在第一位。● feet ˈfirst with your feet touching the ground before any other part of your body 脚先着地◆ He landed feet first . 他落地时双脚先着地。(humorous ) if you leave a place feet first , you are carried out after you are dead 伸腿离开某地（指死去）◆ You'll have to carry me out feet first ! 想把我撵走，除非让我横着出去！● ˌhead ˈfirst moving forwards or downwards with your head in front of the rest of your body 头在前；头朝下◆ He fell head first down the stairs . 他倒栽葱摔下楼梯。without thinking carefully about sth before acting 未经深思；轻率；鲁莽SYN headlong◆ She got divorced and rushed head first into another marriage . 她离婚后又仓促再婚了。● ˌsafety ˈfirst (saying ) safety is the most important thing 安全第一🔑 firstBrE /fɜːst/ NAmE /fɜːrst/ noun 🔑 the first (plural the first ) the person or thing that comes or happens before all other similar people or things 第一个人（或事物）◆ I was the first in my family to go to college . 我是我们家第一个大学生。◆ Sheila and Jim were the first to arrive . 希拉和吉姆最先到的。the first [sing. ]the earliest 最早◆ The first I heard about the wedding (= the first time I became aware of it )was when I saw it in the local paper . 我最初知道他们结婚的消息是从当地报纸上看到的。◆ The first I knew of a problem was around 9 .30 a .m . last Monday .我最早知道有问题是在上星期一上午 9 点 30 分左右。the first (plural the first ) the most likely 最有可能◆ I'd be the first to admit (= I will most willingly admit )I might be wrong . 我非常愿意承认我可能错了。◆ The poorest will be the first to suffer .最贫穷的人受害的可能性最大。[C , usually sing. ]an important achievement , event , etc ., never done or experienced before 空前的成就；前所未有的事情◆ We went on a cruise , a first for both of us . 我俩都是平生第一次去海上旅游。 (also ˌfirst ˈgear ) [U ]the lowest gear on a car , bicycle , etc . that you use when you are moving slowly （汽车、自行车等的）一挡，最低挡◆ He stuck the car in first and revved . 他挂上了一挡，开动了汽车。[C ]~ (in sth )the highest level of university degree at British universities （英国大学学位）最高成绩，优等成绩◆ She got a first in maths at Exeter . 她在埃克塞特大学毕业，获数学一级优等学位。 ➡ compare second1 noun (7 ) , thirdnoun (2 ) ● ˌfirst among ˈequals the person or thing with the highest status in a group 第一把手；首要的事物● from the (very ) ˈfirst from the beginning 从一开始◆ They were attracted to each other from the first . 他俩一见倾心。● from ˌfirst to ˈlast from beginning to end ; during the whole time 从头至尾；自始至终◆ It's a fine performance that commands attention from first to last . 这是个精彩的演出，自始至终都扣人心弦。 |
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