| 单词 | foul |
| 释义 | adjectiveverbnounfoulBrE /faʊl/ NAmE /faʊl/ adjective (foul·er , foul·est ) dirty and smelling bad 肮脏恶臭的；难闻的◆ foul air /breath 污浊难闻的空气/气息◆ a foul -smelling prison 臭烘烘的监狱disgustingfoul ⬥ revolting ⬥ repulsive ⬥ offensive ⬥ grossThese words all describe sth, especially a smell, taste or habit, that is extremely unpleasant and often makes you feel slightly ill以上各词形容某物（尤指气味、味道或习惯）令人很不舒服而且常令人恶心。disgustingextremely unpleasant and making you feel slightly ill指令人不快的、使人厌恶的、令人恶心的、使人作呕的：◆What a disgusting smell!这气味真难闻！fouldirty, and tasting or smelling bad指肮脏恶臭的、难闻的、恶心的：◆She could smell his foul breath.她闻得到他的口臭。revoltingextremely unpleasant and making you feel slightly ill指令人不快的、使人厌恶的、令人恶心的、使人作呕的：◆The stew looked revolting.这煨菜看上去令人作呕。disgusting or revolting?用 disgusting 还是 revolting？Both of these words are used to describe things that smell and taste unpleasant, unpleasant personal habits and people who have them. There is no real difference in meaning, but disgusting is more frequent, especially in spoken English.以上两词均指气味、味道、个人习惯和有这些习惯的人令人恶心、使人厌恶，在含义上没有实质的区别，只是 disgusting 更常用，尤其是在口语中。repulsive(ratherformal ) extremely unpleasant in a way that offends you or makes you feel slightly ill指使人厌恶的、令人反感的、十分讨厌的NOTE Repulsive usually describes people, their behaviour or habits, which you may find offensive for physical or moral reasons. * repulsive 通常指人或其行为习惯刺激感官或有违道德而令人厌恶。offensive(formal ) (especially of smells) extremely unpleasant尤指气味令人不适的、令人恶心的、使人厌恶的gross(informal ) (of a smell, taste or personal habit) extremely unpleasant指气味、味道或个人习惯令人很不舒服的、令人恶心的、使人厌恶的Patternsdisgusting/repulsive/offensive to sbto find sb/sth disgusting/revolting/repulsive/offensiveto smell/taste disgusting/foul/grossa(n) disgusting/foul/revolting/offensive/gross smella disgusting/revolting/gross habitdisgusting/offensive/gross behavioura disgusting/revolting/repulsive man/woman/person(especiallyBrE ) very unpleasant ; very bad 很令人不快的；很坏的◆ She's in a foul mood . 她的情绪很糟。◆ His boss has a foul temper . 他的老板脾气很坏。◆ This tastes foul . 这个味道很差。(of language 语言) including rude words and swearing 充满脏话的；辱骂性的；下流的SYN offensive◆ foul language 脏话◆ I'm sick of her foul mouth (= habit of swearing ). 我讨厌她一开口就骂人的那张臭嘴。◆ He called her the foulest names imaginable . 他用最下流的话辱骂她。(of weather 天气) very bad , with strong winds and rain 恶劣的；风雨交加的◆ a foul night 风雨交加的夜晚(literary ) very evil or cruel 邪恶的；残忍的SYN abominable◆ a foul crime /murder 邪恶的罪行；恶毒的谋杀▸ foul·ly BrE /ˈfaʊlli/ NAmE /ˈfaʊlli/ adverb ◆ He swore foully . 他恶毒地诅咒。◆ She had been foully murdered during the night . 她在夜间被残忍地谋杀了。▸ foul·ness BrE /ˈfaʊlnəs/ NAmE /ˈfaʊlnəs/ noun [U ]◆ The air was heavy with the stink of damp and foulness . 空气中弥漫着一股潮湿的恶臭味。 ● fall foul of ˈsb /ˈsth to get into trouble with a person or an organization because of doing sth wrong or illegal （因做错事或不法行为）与…发生麻烦，与…产生纠葛，冒犯◆ to fall foul of the law 触犯了法律● ˌcry ˈfoul (informal ) to complain that sb else has done sth wrong or unfair 抱怨；埋怨● by fair means or ˈfoul using dishonest methods if honest ones do not work 不择手段foulBrE /faʊl/ NAmE /faʊl/ verb present simple - I / you / we / they foul BrE /faʊl/ NAmE /faʊl/ present simple - he / she / it fouls BrE /faʊlz/ NAmE /faʊlz/ past simple fouled BrE /faʊld/ NAmE /faʊld/ past participle fouled BrE /faʊld/ NAmE /faʊld/ -ing form fouling BrE /ˈfaʊlɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈfaʊlɪŋ/ [T ]~sb (in sport 体育运动) to do sth to another player that is against the rules of the game 对（对手）犯规◆ He was fouled inside the penalty area . 在禁区内对方队员对他犯规。[I , T ]~ (sth )(in baseball棒球) to hit the ball outside the playing area 击（球）出界[T ]~sth to make sth dirty , especially with waste matter from the body （尤指用粪便）弄脏，污染◆ Do not permit your dog to foul the grass . 禁止狗在草地便溺。[T , I ]to become caught or twisted in sth and stop it working or moving （被）缠住◆ ~sth (up )The rope fouled the propeller . 绳索缠住了螺旋桨。◆ ~ (up )A rope fouled up (= became twisted )as we pulled the sail down . 我们收帆时有一根绳索缠住了。 ● ˌfoul ˈup (informal ) to make a lot of mistakes ; to do sth badly 大量出错；搞糟◆ I've fouled up badly again , haven't I ? 我又搞砸了，是不是？ ➡ related noun foul-up● ˌfoul sth↔ˈup (informal ) to spoil sth , especially by doing sth wrong 把…搞糟；弄乱 ➡ related noun foul-upfoulBrE /faʊl/ NAmE /faʊl/ noun (in sport 体育运动) an action that is against the rules of the game 犯规◆ It was a clear foul by Ford on the goalkeeper . 这明显是福特对守门员犯规。◆ (NAmE ) to hit a foul (= in baseball, a ball that is too far left or right , outside the lines that mark the side of the field )（棒球）击球出界 ➡ see also professional foul |
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