| 单词 | trial |
| 释义 | nounverb🔑 trialBrE /ˈtraɪəl/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəl/ noun ➤ law 法律🔑 [U , C ]a formal examination of evidence in court by a judge and often a jury, to decide if sb accused of a crime is guilty or not （法院的）审讯，审理，审判◆ a murder trial 谋杀案的审理◆ He's on trial for murder . 他因涉嫌谋杀而受审。◆ She will stand trial /go on trial for fraud .她因涉嫌诈骗将受到审判。◆ The men were arrested but not brought to trial . 这些人已被逮捕但并未送交法院审判。◆ The case never came to trial . 这个案件从未开庭审理。◆ She is awaiting trial on corruption charges . 她因被控贪污正等候审判。◆ He did not receive a fair trial . 他没有受到公正的审判。◆ She was detained without trial . 她未经审讯便被羁押。abide by sth abide , court , crime , justice , law , legal , police , prosecute , punish , trial Criminal justice刑事审判Breaking the law犯法break/violate/obey/uphold the law违反/违背/遵守/维护法律be investigated/arrested/tried for a crime/a robbery/fraud因犯罪/抢劫/诈骗而被调查/逮捕/审判be arrested/ (especiallyNAmE ) indicted/convicted on charges of rape/fraud/ (especiallyUS ) felony charges因被控犯强奸罪/诈骗罪/重型罪遭逮捕/起诉/定罪be arrested on suspicion of arson/robbery/shoplifting因涉嫌纵火/抢劫/在商店行窃而被逮捕be accused of/be charged with murder/ (especiallyNAmE ) homicide/four counts of fraud被指控犯有谋杀罪/杀人罪/四项诈骗罪face two charges of indecent assault面临两项猥亵罪的指控admit your guilt/liability/responsibility (for sth)承认（对某事的）罪责/责任deny the allegations/claims/charges否认指控confess to a crime坦白罪行grant/be refused/be released on/skip/jump bail准许/不准保释；交保释金获释；弃保潜逃The legal process法律程序stand/await/bring sb to/come to/be on trial受审；候审；把某人送交法院审判；开庭审理；受到审判take sb to/come to/settle sth out of court把某人告上法庭；被法庭受理；庭外和解某事face/avoid/escape prosecution面临/免于/逃脱起诉seek/retain/have the right to/be denied access to legal counsel寻求/聘请/有权聘用/无权聘用律师hold/conduct/attend/adjourn a hearing/trial开庭；出庭；休庭sit on/influence/persuade/convince the jury担任/影响/说服陪审团sit/stand/appear/be put/place sb in the dock坐在/站在/出现在/被送上/将某人送上被告席plead guilty/not guilty to a crime认罪；不认罪be called to/enter (BrE ) the witness box被召唤进入/进入证人席take/put sb on the stand/ (NAmE ) the witness stand出庭作证；让某人出庭作证call/subpoena/question/cross-examine a witness传唤/以传票传唤/讯问/盘问证人give/hear the evidence against/on behalf of sb提供/听取对某人不利/有利的证据raise/withdraw/overrule an objection提出/撤销/否决异议reach a unanimous/majority verdict作出一致的/多数人赞同的裁决return/deliver/record a verdict of not guilty/unlawful killing/accidental death作出/宣布无罪/非法杀人/意外死亡的裁决convict/acquit the defendant of the crime宣判被告有罪/无罪secure a conviction/your acquittal获得有罪/无罪判决lodge/file an appeal提出上诉appeal (against)/challenge/uphold/overturn a conviction/verdict对判决/裁决提出上诉/质疑；维持/撤销判决/裁决Sentencing and punishment判刑与惩罚pass sentence on sb宣布对某人的判决carry/face/serve a seven-year/life sentence会被判处/面临/服七年徒刑/无期徒刑receive/be given the death penalty被判死刑be sentenced to ten years (in prison/jail)被判十年（监禁）carry/impose/pay a fine (of $3 000)/a penalty (of 14 years imprisonment)会被判处/处以/缴纳（3 000 美元的）罚金/（14 年的）监禁be imprisoned/jailed for drug possession/fraud/murder因持有毒品罪/诈骗罪/谋杀罪被监禁do/serve time/ten years服刑；服十年徒刑be sent to/put sb in/be released from jail/prison被送进监狱；把某人送进监狱；被释放出狱be/put sb/spend X years on death row在/把某人关在死囚牢房；在死囚牢房度过…年be granted/be denied/break (your) parole获准假释；假释遭拒；违反假释规定 ➡ collocations atcrime accuse , appeal , counsel , defendant , evidence , justice , offence , plea , prosecution , trial ➤ test 试验🔑 [C , U ]the process of testing the ability , quality or performance of sb /sth , especially before you make a final decision about them （对能力、质量、性能等的）试验，试用◆ The new drug is undergoing clinical trials . 这种新药正在进行临床试验。◆ She agreed to employ me for a trial period . 她同意试用我一段时间。◆ The system was introduced on a trial basis for one month . 这个制度已引进试行一个月。◆ a trial separation (= of a couple whose marriage is in difficulties )试验性分居◆ We had the machine on trial for a week . 这台机器我们已经试用了一个星期。◆ a trial of strength (= a contest to see who is stronger )实力的较量Scientific research科学研究Theory理论formulate/advance a theory/hypothesis创立理论；提出假设build/construct/create/develop a simple/theoretical/mathematical model创立一个简单/理论/数学模型develop/establish/provide/use a theoretical/conceptual framework创立/建立/提供/使用理论/概念框架advance/argue/develop the thesis that…提出/论证/详尽阐述…的论题explore an idea/a concept/a hypothesis探讨一个想法/概念/假设make a prediction/an inference预测；推断base a prediction/your calculations on sth基于…做出预测/估算investigate/evaluate/accept/challenge/reject a theory/hypothesis/model研究/评估/接受/质疑/拒绝接受一个理论/假设/模型Experiment实验design an experiment/a questionnaire/a study/a test设计一项实验/问卷/研究/测试do research/an experiment/an analysis做研究/实验/分析make observations/measurements/calculations观察；测量；计算carry out/conduct/perform an experiment/a test/a longitudinal study/observations/clinical trials进行实验/测试/纵向研究/观察/临床试验run an experiment/a simulation/clinical trials进行实验/模拟/临床试验repeat an experiment/a test/an analysis重做实验/测试/分析replicate a study/the results/the findings做相同的研究；得出同样的结果/调查结果observe/study/examine/investigate/assess a pattern/a process/a behaviour/ (especiallyUS ) a behavior观察/研究/审查/调查/评估一种模式/一个过程/一种行为fund/support the research/project/study资助/支持研究/项目/专题研究seek/provide/get/secure funding for research寻求/提供/得到/争取到研究资金Results结果collect/gather/extract data/information收集/提取数据/信息yield data/evidence/similar findings/the same results得到数据/证据/类似调查结果/相同结果analyse/examine the data/soil samples/a specimen分析/考查数据/土壤样本/样本consider/compare/interpret the results/findings思考/比较/解释结果/调查结果fit the data/model与数据/模型相符合confirm/support/verify a prediction/a hypothesis/the results/the findings证实/支持/核实预测/假设/结果/调查结果prove a conjecture/hypothesis/theorem证明猜测/假设/定理draw/make/reach the same conclusions得出同样的结论read/review the records/literature阅读/评论记录/文献describe/report an experiment/a study描述/报告一项实验/研究present/publish/summarize the results/findings提交/公布/总结结果/调查结果present/publish/read/review/cite a paper in a scientific journal向科学杂志提交一篇论文；在科学杂志发表一篇论文；阅读/评论/引用科学杂志上的一篇论文➤ in sport 体育运动[C , usually pl. ] (NAmE alsotry·out ) a competition or series of tests to find the best players for a sports team or an important event 预赛；选拔赛◆ Olympic trials 奥林匹克运动会选拔赛➤ for animals 动物[C , usually pl. ]an event at which animals compete or perform 比赛；表演◆ horse trials 马匹比赛➤ difficult experience 艰难经历[C ]an experience or a person that causes difficulties for sb 令人伤脑筋的事；惹麻烦的人；考验◆ the trials and tribulations of married life 婚姻生活的考验与磨炼◆ ~to sb She was a sore trial to her family at times . 她有时让家人伤透了脑筋。 ● ˌtrial and ˈerror the process of solving a problem by trying various methods until you find a method that is successful 反复试验；不断摸索◆ Children learn to use computer programs by trial and error . 儿童通过反复摸索才学会运用计算机程序。🔑 trialBrE /ˈtraɪəl/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəl/ verb present simple - I / you / we / they trial BrE /ˈtraɪəl/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəl/ present simple - he / she / it trials BrE /ˈtraɪəlz/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəlz/ past simple trialled BrE /ˈtraɪəld/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəld/ past participle trialled BrE /ˈtraɪəld/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəld/ past simple (NAmE ) trialed BrE /ˈtraɪəld/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəld/ past participle (NAmE ) trialed BrE /ˈtraɪəld/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəld/ -ing form trialling BrE /ˈtraɪəlɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəlɪŋ/ -ing form (NAmE ) trialing BrE /ˈtraɪəlɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəlɪŋ/ [T , I ]~ (sth )(BrE ) to test the ability , quality or performance of sth to see if it will be effective or successful 测试（能力、质量、性能等）；试验；试用 |
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